Hazardous Waste Incineration
A Self-Instructional Problem Workbook

Louis Theodore
Department of Chemical Engineering
Manhattan Colllege, Riverdale NY

J. Erik Moy
Raytheon Engineers & Constructors, Cambridge MA

Published by ETS Professional Training Institute
© 1994 Louis Theodore. 419 pages. ISBN 1-882767-14-4.

Table of Contents

Basic Operations
Conversion of Units · Weight and Mole Fraction · Average Molecular Weight · Conservation Law for Mass · Temperature Terms · Pressure Terms · Ideal Gas Law · Actual Volumetric Flow Rate and Standard Volumetric Flow Rate · Mass Flow Rate and Standard Volumetric Flow Rate · Discharge Velocity · Reynolds Number · Particulate Concentration · Collection Efficiency · Efficiency of Multiple Collectors · Dilution Factor Estimation of Vapor Pressure · Gas Concentration · Humidity · Henry's Law · Stoichiometry · Complete Combustion of a Gas · Incomplete Combustion · Conservation Law for Energy · Required Heat Rate · Gross Heating Value · Chemical Reaction Equilibrium · Chemical Kinetics · Reaction Mechanisms · Arrhenius Equation · Flow Diagram ·

Problems
Stoichiometry (STC)
STC 1: Stoichiometry
STC 2: Combustion with Stoichiometric Air
STC 3: Combustion with Excess Air
STC 4: Flue Gas Flow Rate
STC 5: Lime Requirements for Acid Gas Control
STC 6: Combustion of a Waste Mixture

Regulations (REG)
REG 1: Destruction and/or Removal Efficiency (DRE)
REG 2: Trial Burns
REG 3: Regulatory Compliance
REG 4: Correcting Particulate Concentration to 50 % Excess Air
REG 5: Correcting Emissions to 7% Oxygen
REG 6: Trial Burn Detection Limits
REG 7: Trial Burn VOST Protocol
REG 8: Conversion Mechanisms for Surrogate POHCs

Pretreatment (PRE)
PRE 1: Brake Horsepower Requirement
PRE 2: Liquid Handling of Hazardous Waste
PRE 3: Solids Handling of Hazardous Waste
PRE 4: Compressors
PRE 5: Tank Farms and Materials of Construction
PRE 6: Estimating Air Emissions: Tank Filling
PRE 7: Feedstock pH Control by Blending
PRE 8: Limiting Lead (Pb) Content in Wastes

Incinerators (INC)
INC 1: Incinerator Residence Time
INC 2: Liquid Injection Incineration Design
INC 3: Rotary Kiln Residence Time
INC 4: Reasonable Dimensions
INC 5: Incineration Operation
INC 6: Incinerator Design Using Kinetic Principles

Sensible Heat Effects (SHE)
SHE 1: Enthalpy Changes
SHE 2: Effect of Temperature on Heat Capacity

Thermochemistry (TMC)
TMC 1: Standard Enthalpy of Reaction
TMC 2: Estimating Incinerator Adiabatic Flame Temperature
TMC 3: Theoretical Adiabatic Flame Temperature (TAFT)
TMC 4: Adiabatic Flame Temperature (AFT)
TMC 5: Theoretical Adiabatic Flame Temperature (TAFT) for a Waste Mixture
TMC 6: Flame Temperature (FT) of a Fuel

Chemical Reaction Equilibrium (CRE)
CRE 1: Chemical Reaction Equilibrium Constant
CRE 2: Chemical Reaction Equilibrium Constant for Sulfur Trioxide
CRE 3: Chemical Reaction Equilibrium Constant for Chlorine
CRE 4: Chlorine Emissions
CRE 5: Carbon Monoxide and Nitric Oxide Emissions
CRE 6: Dissociation of Bromine

Quenchers (QNC)
QNC 1: Quench Alternatives
QNC 2: Spray Tower Quench Design
QNC 3: Quench Water Requirement
QNC 4: Quenching With Air
QNC 5: Quenching With Solids
QNC 6: Adiabatic Saturation Temperature

Waste Heat Boilers (WHB)
WHB 1: Boiler Outlet Temperature
WHB 2: Ganapathy's Design Procedure
WHB 3: Steam Generation Rate
WHB 4: Acid Dew Point Estimation

Air Pollution Control Equipment (APE)
APE 1: Electrostatic Precipitator Design Models
APE 2: Design of a Venturi Scrubber
APE 3: Baghouse Operation
APE 4: Packed Tower Absorber Design with No Data

Solid Waste Incineration Applications (SWI)
SWI 1: Central Disposal Incineration Facilities
SWI 2: Steam Generation from Municipal Solid Waste Incineration
SWI 3: Biomedical Waste Incineration Considerations
SWI 4: Regulatory Compliance for Hospital Waste Incineration

Radioactive Waste Incineration Applications (RWI)
RWI 1: Incineration and Disposal of Radioactive Waste
RWI 2: Regulatory and Safety Concerns for Radioactive Waste Incinerators

Solutions to Problems

Appendix A: SI Units; Conversion Constants; Common Abbreviations
Appendix B: Steam Tables
Appendix C: Psychrometric Charts

Index